writing htaccess files

Note: .htaccess file will be in hidden format, please change your folder and file settings to view this file.

How to Create a .htaccess File?
Open any text editor application and file save as with .htaccess name and enable mod_rewrite extension in php.ini file in Apache Web Server configurations.

Default directory Listing

Disable directory Listing
If you want to disable folder files listing, include following code.

# Disable Directory Browsing
Options All -Indexes

Error Pages
Here error page is redirecting to error.html.

errorDocument 400 http://www.youwebsite.com/error.html
errorDocument 401 http://www.youwebsite.com/error.html
errorDocument 404 http://www.youwebsite.com/error.html
errorDocument 500 http://www.youwebsite.com/error.html

RewriteEngine On it is turn on Rewrite Rules in Apache Server. if you want to turn off, just change the value to off.

RewriteEngine on

Domain Redirection
.htacces code for redirecting yourwebsite.com to www.yourwebsite.com

RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^yourwebsite.com
RewriteRule (.*) http://www.yourwebsite.com/$1 [R=301,L]

Sub Domain Redirection
Sub domain redirection mapping to folder. Here http://www.yourwebsite.com is connecting to website_folder folder.

RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.yourwebsite\.com$
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/website_folder/
RewriteRule (.*) /website_folder/$1

Here http://subdomain.yourwebsite.com is connecting to subdomain_folder folder.

RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^subdomain\.yourwebsite\.com$
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/subdomain_folder/
RewriteRule (.*) /subdomain_folder/$1

Htaccess File Inside The Folder.

Old Domain Redirection
htaccess code for redirecting old domain(abc.com) to new domain(xyz.com). Live demo fglogin.com is now redirecting to oauthlogin.com

RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^abc.com
RewriteRule (.*) http://www.xyz.com/$1 [R=301,L]

RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.abc\.com
RewriteRule (.*) http://www.abc.com/$1 [R=301,L]

Friendly URLs
Friendly/Pretty URLs help in search engine rankings.

Profile URL
Profile parameter allows [a-zA-Z0-9_-] these inputs. More help read Understanding Regular Expression
http://labs.9lessons.info/profile.php?username=srinivas
to
http://labs.9lessons.info/srinivas

RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)$ profile.php?username=$1
RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)/$ profile.php?username=$1

Messages URL
http://labs.9lessons.info/messages.php?message_username=srinivas
to
http://labs.9lessons.info/messages/srinivas

RewriteRule ^messages/([a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)$ messages.php?message_username=$1
RewriteRule ^messages/([a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)/$ messages.php?message_username=$1

Friends URL
http://labs.9lessons.info/friends.php?username=srinivas
to
http://labs.9lessons.info/friends/srinivas

RewriteRule ^friends/([a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)$ friends.php?username=$1
RewriteRule ^friends/([a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)/$ friends.php?username=$1

Friends URL with Two Parameters
Here the first parameter allows [a-zA-Z0-9_-] and second parameter allows only number [0-9]
http://labs.9lessons.info/friends.php?username=srinivas&page=2
to
http://labs.9lessons.info/friends/srinivas/2

RewriteRule ^friends/([a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)/([0-9]+)$ friends.php?username=$1&page=$2
RewriteRule ^friends/([a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)/([0-9]+)/$ friends.php?username=$1&page=$2

Hiding File Extension
http://www.yourwebsite.com/index.html
to
http://www.yourwebsite.com/index

RewriteRule ^([^/.]+)/?$ $1.html